1. Mehopolo ea motheo le melao-motheo ea botekgeniki ea li-endoscope tse ngata
Endoscope e nang le di-multiplex ke sesebediswa sa bongaka se ka sebediswang hape se kenang mmeleng wa motho ka hara lesoba la tlhaho la mmele wa motho kapa ho sehwa ho honyenyane opereisheneng e sa keneleng haholo ho thusa dingaka ho fumana mafu kapa ho thusa opereisheneng. Sistimi ya endoscope ya bongaka e na le dikarolo tse tharo tsa bohlokwa: mmele wa endoscope, mojule wa ho sebetsana le ditshwantsho le mojule wa mohlodi wa lesedi. Mmele wa endoscope o boetse o na le dikarolo tsa bohlokwa tse kang dilense tsa ho nka ditshwantsho, di-sensor tsa ditshwantsho (CCD kapa CMOS), dipotoloho tsa ho fumana le ho sebetsana. Ho ya ka pono ya meloko ya theknoloji, di-endoscope tse nang le di-multiplex di fetohile ho tloha ho di-endoscope tse thata ho ya ho di-endoscope tsa fiber ho ya ho di-endoscope tsa elektroniki. Di-endoscope tsa faeba di etswa ho sebediswa molaomotheo wa ho tsamaisa faeba ya optical. Di entswe ka di-filament tsa faeba tsa khalase tse mashome a dikete tse hlophisitsweng ka tatellano ho etsa lehlasedi le bontshang, mme setshwantsho se fetisetswa ntle le ho sotha ka ho pheta-pheta. Di-endoscope tsa elektroniki tsa sejwalejwale di sebedisa di-sensor tsa setshwantsho se senyenyane le theknoloji ya ho sebetsana le matshwao a dijithale ho ntlafatsa haholo boleng ba ho nka ditshwantsho le ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo.
2. Boemo ba 'maraka ba li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape
| Tekanyo ea Sehlopha | Tmofuta | MarekaSmutlanyana | Tlhaloso |
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Sebopeho sa Sehlahisoa | Endoscopy e tiileng | 1. Boholo ba 'maraka oa lefats'e ke US$7.2 bilione.2. Endoscope e thata ea Fluorescence ke karolo e holang ka potlako, butle-butle e nkela endoscope ea leseli le lesoeu ea setso sebaka. | 1. Libaka tsa ts'ebeliso: opereishene e akaretsang, urology, opereishene ea sefuba le gynecology.2. Bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong: Karl Storz, Mindray, Olympus, jj. |
| Endoscopy e Tenyetsehang | 1. Boholo ba 'maraka oa lefats'e ke li-yuan tse libilione tse 33.08. 2. Olympus e ikarabella bakeng sa 60% (tšimo ea endoscope e tenyetsehang). | 1. Li-endoscope tsa mala li etsa karolo e fetang 70% ea 'maraka oa li-endoscope tse tenyetsehang. 2. Bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong: Olympus, Fuji, sonoscape, Aohua, jj. | |
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Molao-motheo oa ho Etsa Litšoantšo | Endoskopu ea Optical | 1. Boholo ba 'maraka oa lefats'e oa li-endoscope tsa mohloli oa leseli le batang ke li-yuan tse libilione tse 8.67. Karolo ea 'maraka ea 2.0 Lympus e feta 25%. | 1. Ho ipapisitsoe le molao-motheo oa ho nka litšoantšo tsa mahlo tsa jeometri 2. E na le sistimi ea lense e sebetsang ka sepheo, sistimi ea phetisetso ea optical/relay, jj. |
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| Endoscope ea elektroniki | Thekiso ea lefats'e ka bophara ea li-bronchoscope tsa elektroniki tse nang le tlhaloso e phahameng e fihlile ho US$810 milione. | 1. Ho latela mekhoa ea phetoho ea tlhahisoleseling ea photoelectric le ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo 2. Ho kenyeletsoa sistimi ea lense e ikhethileng, sensor ea photoelectric ea sehlopha sa litšoantšo, jj. |
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Kopo ea Bongaka | Endoscopy ea tšilo ea lijo | E lula 80% ea 'maraka oa lilense tse bonolo, moo Olympus e etsang 46.16%. | Letšoao la lehaesonoscape Bongaka bo feta Fuji ka karolo ea 'maraka oa lipetlele tsa bobeli. |
| Endoscopy ea ho hema | Olympus e ikarabella bakeng sa 49.56% ea karolo eohle ea 'maraka oa li-endoscope tsa tšilo ea lijo. | Phetolo ea malapeng e ntse e eketseha ka potlako, 'me Aohua Endoscopy e holile haholo. | |
| Laparoscopy/Arthroscopy | Thoracoscopy le laparoscopy li etsa 28.31% ea 'maraka oa endoscopy oa Chaena. | 1. Kabelo ea theknoloji ea 4K3D e eketsehile ka 7.43%. 2. Mindray Medical e ile ea hlaha pele lipetleleng tsa bobeli. |
1)'Maraka oa lefats'e: Olympus e laola 'maraka oa lilense tse bonolo (60%), ha 'maraka oa lilense tse thata o ntse o hola butle-butle (US$7.2 bilione). Theknoloji ea fluorescent le 4K3D e fetoha tataiso ea boqapi.
2)'Maraka oa Chaena: Liphapang tsa libaka: Guangdong e na le palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea theko, liprofinse tse lebōpong la leoatle li laoloa ke lihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse ling, 'me ho nkeloa sebaka ha thepa ea lehae ho ntse ho eketseha libakeng tse bohareng le tse ka bophirima.Katleho ea ka tlung:Sekhahla sa ho fumaneha ha lilense tse thata ke 51%, 'me masoba a lilense tse bonolo/Australia le Chaena li etsa 21% ka kakaretso. Melao-motheo e khothalletsa ho nkeloa sebaka ha maemo a holimo.Karohano ea lipetlele: Lipetlele tsa thuto e phahameng li rata lisebelisoa tse tsoang kantle ho naha (karolo ea 65%), 'me lipetlele tsa bobeli li fetohile tsoelo-pele bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa lehae.
3. Melemo le liphephetso tsa li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape
| Melemo | Lipontšo tse itseng | Tšehetso ea lintlha |
| Tshebetso e ntle haholo moruong | Sesebelisoa se le seng se ka sebelisoa hape ka makhetlo a 50-100, ka litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tse tlase haholo ho feta li-endoscope tse lahloang (litšenyehelo tsa tšebeliso e le 'ngoe ke 1/10 feela). | Nka gastroenteroscopy mohlala: theko ea ho reka endoscope e ka sebelisoang hape ke RMB 150,000-300,000 (e ka sebelisoa lilemo tse 3-5), 'me litšenyehelo tsa endoscope e lahloang ke RMB 2,000-5,000. |
| Kholo e phahameng ea tekheniki | Mekhoa ea theknoloji e kang ea ho nka litšoantšo tsa 4K le tlhahlobo e thusitsoeng ke AI e khethoa bakeng sa ho etsa multiplexing, ka ho hlaka ha setšoantšo ho phahame ka 30%-50% ho feta ha e sebelisoa hanngoe. | Ka 2024, sekhahla sa ho kenella ha 4K ho li-endoscope tsa multiplex tsa maemo a holimo lefatšeng ka bophara se tla fihla ho 45%, 'me sekhahla sa mesebetsi e thusoang ke AI se tla feta 25%. |
| Matla ho ikamahanya le maemo a bongaka | 'Mele oa seipone o entsoe ka thepa e tšoarellang (tšepe + polymer ea bongaka) 'me o ka fetoloa ho latela boholo bo fapaneng ba mokuli (joalo ka liipone tse tšesaane haholo bakeng sa bana le liipone tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa batho ba baholo). | Sekhahla sa ho tšoaneleha ha li-endoscope tse tiileng opereisheneng ea masapo ke 90%, 'me sekhahla sa katleho sa li-endoscope tse tenyetsehang ho gastroenterology se feta 95%. |
| Botsitso ba leano le ketane ea phepelo | Lihlahisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape ke tsona tse tsebahalang haholo lefatšeng, 'me ketane ea phepelo e se e butsoitse (Olympus,sonoscape le lik'hamphani tse ling li na le potoloho ea ho boloka thepa ea ka tlase ho khoeli e le 'ngoe). | Lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape li ikarabella bakeng sa theko e fetang 90% lipetleleng tse phahameng tsa Chaena, 'me maano ha a thibele tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape. |
| Phephetso | Litaba tse Ikhethang | Tšehetso ea lintlha |
| Likotsi tsa ho hloekisa le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko | Tšebeliso hape e hloka ho bolaoa ha dikokwana-hloko ka thata (e tlameha ho latela maemo a AAMI ST91), 'me ts'ebetso e sa lokelang e ka lebisa tšoaetsong e fapaneng (sekhahla sa liketsahalo ke 0.03%).. | Ka 2024, US FDA e ile ea hopola li-endoscope tse 3 tse ka sebelisoang hape ka lebaka la tšilafalo ea baktheria e bakoang ke masala a hloekisang. |
| Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhokomelo | Tlhokomelo ea litsebi (lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa + basebetsi) ea hlokahala kamora ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo tsa selemo le selemo li lekana le 15%-20% ea theko ea theko.. | Litšenyehelo tse tloaelehileng tsa tlhokomelo ea selemo le selemo ea endoscope e tenyetsehang ke li-yuan tse 20,000-50,000, e leng 100% e phahameng ho feta ea endoscope e lahloang (ha ho tlhokomelo). |
| Khatello ea phetoho ea theknoloji | Theknoloji ea endoscope e lahloang ea sebetsa (mohlala, litšenyehelo tsa mojule oa 4K li theoha ka 40%), 'maraka oa extrusion o sebelisoang hape oa maemo a tlase. | Ka 2024, sekgahla sa kgolo sa mmaraka wa China wa di-endoscope tse lahlwang se tla fihla ho 60%, mme dipetlele tse ding tsa maemo a tlase di tla qala ho reka di-endoscope tse lahlwang ho nkela di-endoscope tse ka sebediswang hape sebaka. |
| Melao e thata haholoanyane | EU MDR le US FDA li phahamisa maemo a ts'ebetso bocha bakeng sa li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape, li eketsa litšenyehelo tsa ho latela melao bakeng sa lik'hamphani (litšenyehelo tsa liteko li eketsehile ka 20%).. | Ka 2024, sekgahla sa ho kgutlisa di-endoscope tse ka sebediswang hape tse romelwang kantle ho naha ho tswa Chaena ka lebaka la mathata a ho latela melao se tla fihla ho 3.5% (ke 1.2% feela ka 2023). |
4. Boemo ba 'Maraka le Bahlahisi ba Baholo
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa hona joale oa endoscope o hlahisa litšobotsi tse latelang:
Sebopeho sa 'maraka:
Mabitso a kantle ho naha a busa: Linatla tsa machaba tse kang KARL STORZ le Olympus li ntse li le karolo e kholo ea 'maraka. Ha re nka li-hysteroscopes mohlala, maemo a mararo a holimo a thekiso ka 2024 kaofela ke mabitso a kantle ho naha, a etsang kakaretso ea 53.05%.
Keketseho ea lihlahisoa tsa malapeng: Ho ea ka data ea Zhongcheng Digital Technology, karolo ea 'maraka ea li-endoscope tsa malapeng e eketsehile ho tloha ka tlase ho 10% ka 2019 ho ea ho 26% ka 2022, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo se fetang 60%. Likhamphani tse emelang li kenyelletsa Mindray,sonoscape, Aohua, jj.
Tsepamiso ea tlholisano ea tekheniki:
Theknoloji ea litšoantšo: qeto ea 4K, sensor ea CMOS e nkang sebaka sa CCD, botebo ba theknoloji ea katoloso ea tšimo ea EDOF, jj.
Moralo oa modular: Moralo oa probe o ka nkeloang sebaka o atolosa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea likarolo tsa mantlha.
Ho hlwekisa ka bohlale: Sistimi e ncha ea ho hloekisa e kopanyang temoho ea pono ea AI le karo-karolelano e matla ea lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa tsa li-enzyme tse ngata.
| Maemo
| Letšoao | Karolo ea 'Maraka oa Chaena | Libaka tsa Bohlokoa tsa Khoebo | Melemo ea theknoloji le ts'ebetso ea 'maraka |
| 1 | Olympus | 46.16% | Li-endoscope tse feto-fetohang (70% ho gastroenterology), endoscopy, le litsamaiso tsa tlhahlobo tse thusoang ke AI. | Theknoloji ea litšoantšo ea 4K e na le karolo ea 'maraka oa lefats'e ka bophara ea ho feta 60%, lipetlele tsa China tse phahameng li etsa 46.16% ea theko, 'me fektheri ea Suzhou e fihletse tlhahiso ea lehae.. |
| 2 | Fujifilm | 19.03% | Endoscope e tenyetsehang (theknoloji ea ho nka litšoantšo ka laser e putsoa), endoscope e tšesaane haholo ea ho hema (4-5mm). | Mmaraka oa bobeli o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa lilense tse bonolo lefatšeng, karolo ea 'maraka oa sepetlele sa bobeli sa Chaena e ile ea feta karolo ea sonoscape Medical, 'me chelete e kenang ka 2024 e tla theoha ka 3.2% selemo le selemo.. |
| 3 | Karl Storz | 12.5% | Endoscope e tiileng (laparoscopy e etsa 45%), theknoloji ea 3D fluorescence, exoscope. | 'Maraka o tiileng oa endoscope o boemong ba pele lefatšeng. Lihlahisoa tse hlahisoang ka hare ho naha tsa setsi sa tlhahiso sa Shanghai li amohetsoe. Litheko tse ncha tsa li-laparoscope tsa 3D fluorescent li etsa karolo ea 45%. |
| 4 | Sonoscape ea bongaka | 14.94% | Endoscope e tenyetsehang (endoscope ea ultrasound), sistimi ea ho lemoha polyp ea AI, sistimi ea endoscope e thata. | Khamphani ena e maemong a bone 'marakeng oa China oa lilense tse bonolo, 'me lipetlele tse phahameng li ikarabella bakeng sa 30% ea lihlahisoa tse rekiloeng tsa 4K+AI, le chelete e kenang e eketseha ka 23.7% selemo le selemo ka 2024.. |
| 5 | HOYA()Pentax Medical) | 5.17% | Endoscope e tenyetsehang (gastroenteroscopy), endoscope e thata (otolaryngology). | Kamora ho rekoa ke HOYA, phello ea kopanyo e ile ea fokotseha, 'me karolo ea eona ea' maraka Chaena e ile ea theoha ho tsoa ho tse leshome tse holimo. Lekeno la eona ka 2024 le ile la theoha ka 11% selemo le selemo. |
| 6 | Endoscopy ea Aohua | 4.12% | Endoscopy e feto-fetohang (gastroenterology), endoscopy ea maemo a holimo. | Karolo e akaretsang ea 'maraka karolong ea pele ea 2024 ke 4.12% (endoscope e bonolo + endoscope e thata), 'me phaello ea li-endoscope tsa maemo a holimo e tla eketseha ka 361%.. |
| 7 | Bongaka ba Mindray | 7.0% | Endoscope e tiileng (hysteroscope e etsa 12.57%), litharollo tsa sepetlele sa batho ba baholo. | Chaena e maemong a boraro 'marakeng oa endoscope e thata, ka lipetlele tsa setereke'kgolo ya theko e fetang 30%, mme karolo ya lekeno la mose ho maoatle e eketseha ho fihla ho 38% ka 2024. |
| 8 | Ngaka ea mahlo | 4.0% | Fluoroscope (Urology, Gynecology), tekanyo e 'ngoe ea lapeng. | Karolo ea 'maraka ea Chaena ea lilense tse thata tsa fluorescent e feta 40%, thepa e romeloang linaheng tse ling ho ea Asia Boroa-bochabela e eketsehile ka 35%, 'me matsete a R&D a bile le 22% |
| 9 | Stryker | 3.0% | Endoscope e tiileng ea opereishene ea methapo ea kutlo, sistimi ea ho tsamaea ea fluorescent ea urology, arthroscope. | Karolo ea 'maraka ea li-neuroendoscope e feta 30%, 'me sekhahla sa kholo ea theko ea lipetlele tsa setereke Chaena ke 18%. 'Maraka oa batho ba tloaelehileng o hatelloa ke Mindray Medical. |
| 10 | Mefuta e meng | 2.37% | Mefuta ea libaka (joalo ka Rudolf, Toshiba Medical), likarolo tse itseng (joalo ka liipone tsa ENT). |
5. Tswelopele ya theknoloji ya mantlha
1)Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa lebanta le lesesane (NBI): Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa lebanta le lesesane ke mokgwa o tswetseng pele wa dijithale wa optical o ntlafatsang haholo pono ya dibopeho tsa bokahodimo ba mucosal le dipaterone tsa methapo e menyenyane ka ho sebedisa maqhubu a itseng a boputswa-botala. Diphuputso tsa bongaka di bontshitse hore NBI e ekeditse ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo ya diso tsa mala ka dintlha tse 11 tsa peresente (94% vs 83%). Ha ho hlahlojwa metaplasia ya mala, kutlo e eketsehile ho tloha ho 53% ho isa ho 87% (P<0.001). E fetohile sesebediswa sa bohlokwa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ya pele ya kankere ya mala, e ka thusang ho kgetholla diso tse se nang kotsi le tse kotsi, biopsy e rerilweng, le ho hlalosa meedi ya ho kgaola.
2)Theknoloji ea EDOF e atolositsoeng ea botebo ba tšimo: Theknoloji ea EDOF e ntlafalitsoeng ke Olympus e fihlella botebo bo atolositsoeng ba tšimo ka ho arohana ha mahlaseli a khanya: li-prism tse peli li sebelisoa ho arola leseli ka mahlaseli a mabeli, ho shebana le litšoantšo tse haufi le tse hole ka ho latellana, 'me qetellong li li kopanya setšoantšong se hlakileng le se bonolo se nang le botebo bo boholo ba tšimo ho sensor. Ha ho hlahlojoa mucosa ea mala, sebaka sohle sa liso se ka hlahisoa ka ho hlaka, se ntlafatsa haholo sekhahla sa ho lemoha liso.
3)Sistimi ea litšoantšo tsa mekhoa e mengata
EVIS X1™Sistimi e kopanya mekhoa e mengata e tsoetseng pele ea ho nka litšoantšo: Theknoloji ea TXI: e ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho lemoha adenoma (ADR) ka 13.6%; Theknoloji ea RDI: e ntlafatsa ponahalo ea methapo e tebileng ea mali le lintlha tsa ho tsoa mali; Theknoloji ea NBI: e ntlafatsa tlhokomelo ea lipaterone tsa mucosal le methapo ea mali; e fetola endoscopy ho tloha ho "sesebelisoa sa ho shebella" ho ea ho "sethala sa tlhahlobo se thusang".
6. Tikoloho ea leano le tataiso ea indasteri
Maano a bohlokoa a tla ama indasteri ea endoscopy ka 2024-2025 a kenyelletsa:
Leano la ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa: "Moralo oa Ketso oa Hlakubele 2024 oa ho Khothaletsa Lintlafatso tsa Lisebelisoa tse Kholo le Phetolo ea Thepa ea Bareki" o khothaletsa litsi tsa bongaka ho potlakisa ntlafatso le phetoho ea lisebelisoa tsa litšoantšo tsa bongaka.
Phetolo ea malapeng: Leano la 2021 le hloka theko ea lihlahisoa tsa malapeng ka 100% bakeng sa li-laparoscope tsa 3D, li-choledochoscope, le li-intervertebral foramina.
Ntlafatso ea tumello: Li-endoscope tsa bongaka li fetoloa ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tsa Sehlopha sa III ho ea ho Sehlopha sa II, 'me nako ea ngoliso e khutsufatsoa ho tloha ho lilemo tse fetang 3 ho ea ho lilemo tse 1-2.
Maano ana a khothalelitse haholo boqapi ba R&D le phihlello ea 'maraka oa li-endoscope tsa lapeng, e leng se entseng tikoloho e ntle ea nts'etsopele bakeng sa indasteri.
7. Mekhoa ea nts'etsopele ea nakong e tlang le maikutlo a litsebi
1)Kopanyo ea theknoloji le boqapi
Theknoloji ea manonyeletso a nang le li-scope tse peli: Laparoscope (sekoupo se thata) le endoscope (sekoupo se bonolo) lia sebelisana ho buoeng ho rarolla mathata a rarahaneng a kliniki.
Thuso ea bohlale ba maiketsetso: Li-algorithm tsa AI li thusa ho khetholla liso le ho etsa liqeto tsa tlhahlobo.
Katleho ea saense ea lintho tse bonahalang: Ntlafatso ea thepa e ncha ea sekoupo e tšoarellang haholoanyane le e bonolo ho e hloekisa.
2)Phapang le nts'etsopele ea 'maraka
Litsebi li lumela hore li-endoscope tse lahloang le li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape li tla phela nako e telele:
Lihlahisoa tse lahloang: li loketse maemo a amehang haholo ke tšoaetso (joalo ka maemo a tšohanyetso, lingaka tsa bana) le litsi tsa bongaka tsa mantlha.
Lihlahisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape: boloka litšenyehelo le melemo ea tekheniki maemong a tšebeliso e phahameng lipetleleng tse kholo.
Tlhahlobo ea Bongaka ea Mole e bontšitse hore bakeng sa litsi tse nang le tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea li-unit tse fetang 50, litšenyehelo tse felletseng tsa lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape li tlase.
3)Phetolo ea lehae e ntse e potlaka
Kabelo ea lehae e eketsehile ho tloha ho 10% ka 2020 ho ea ho 26% ka 2022, 'me ho lebelletsoe hore e tla tsoela pele ho eketseha. Mafapheng a li-endoscope tsa fluorescence le confocal microendoscopy, theknoloji ea naha ea heso e se e tsoetse pele machabeng. Ka lebaka la maano, ke "taba ea nako feela" ho phethela phetisetso ea lehae.
4)Tekanyo pakeng tsa melemo ea tikoloho le moruo
Li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape li ka fokotsa tšebeliso ea mehloli ka 83%, empa bothata ba kalafo ea metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale ts'ebetsong ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko bo hloka ho rarolloa. Lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea thepa e bolang ke tataiso ea bohlokoa nakong e tlang.
Tafole: Papiso pakeng tsa li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape le tse lahloang
| Litekanyo tsa Papiso | E ka sebelisoa hape Endoscope | E lahloang Endoscope |
| Litšenyehelo ka tšebeliso | Tlase (Kamora karohano) | Holimo |
| Letsete la pele | Holimo | Tlase |
| Boleng ba setšoantšo | e babatsehang
| hantle |
| Kotsi ea tšoaetso | E mahareng (ho latela boleng ba ho bolaea likokoana-hloko) | Tlase haholo |
| Botsoalle ba tikoloho | Metsi a litšila a mahareng (a hlahisang disinfectant) | Mafutsana (Matla a polasetiki) |
| Maemo a sebetsang | Tšebeliso e phahameng ea khafetsa lipetleleng tse kholo | Lipetlele tsa mantlha/mafapha a amehang haholo ke tšoaetso |
Qetello: Nakong e tlang, theknoloji ea endoscopic e tla bontša mokhoa oa nts'etsopele oa "ho nepahala, ho kenella hanyane, le bohlale", 'me li-endoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape e tla ntse e le tsona tse ka sehloohong ts'ebetsong ena ea ho iphetola ha lintho.
Rona, Jiangxi Zhuoruihua Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd., ke moetsi Chaena ea ikhethang ka lintho tse sebelisoang ka endoscopic, tse kangli-forceps tsa biopsy, hemoclip, leraba la polyp,nale ea sclerotherapy, katheter e fafalitsoeng,borashe ba cytology, terata ea tataiso, baskete ea ho lata majoe, catheter ea ho ntša metsi a nko,selateng sa phihlello ea ureteralleselateng sa phihlello ea ureteral se nang le monyajj. tse sebelisoang haholo ho EMR, ESD, ERCP. Lihlahisoa tsa rona li na le setifikeiti sa CE, 'me lifeme tsa rona li na le setifikeiti sa ISO. Thepa ea rona e rometsoe Europe, Amerika Leboea, Bochabela bo Hare le karolo ea Asia, 'me e fumana kananelo le thoriso ho bareki haholo!
Nako ea poso: Phupu-25-2025